PHYSIOLOGICAL & BIOSIGNAL SENSORS FOR MULTIMODAL RESEARCH

Brain activity rarely tells the complete story. Physiological signals provide additional information about cardiovascular activity, respiration, autonomic responses, movement and physical state.

g.tec body sensors extend EEG and biosignal recordings with physiological measurements including respiration, oxygen saturation, skin conductance, temperature, blood pressure and movement. The sensors can be integrated with compatible g.tec biosignal acquisition systems to create synchronized multimodal recordings for neuroscience, BCI, sleep research, psychophysiology and human performance studies.

This makes it possible to investigate relationships between neural activity, behavior and physiological responses within the same experimental workflow.

MEASUREMENTS & SENSORS

Skin temperature with the temperature sensor
Blood pressure for cardiovascular monitoring
Respiration effort for breathing patterns
Respiratory airflow during inhalation and exhalation
Oxygen saturation (SpO₂) and blood oxygenation
Skin conductance (GSR / EDA) for autonomic responses
Acceleration for body motion and physical activity
Limb movement for sleep and movement research
Snoring for sleep research
Cerebral hemodynamics with g.SENSOR fNIRS
Muscle activity (EMG) for muscular activation

WHICH PHYSIOLOGICAL SIGNAL DO YOU NEED?

How does stress affect brain activity?EEG + GSR + respiration + cardiovascular signals
How does movement influence neural activity?EEG + EMG + acceleration
How does sleep affect brain and body physiology?EEG + EOG + EMG + respiration + SpO₂ + snoring + limb movement
How does workload affect physiological state?EEG + GSR + respiration + cardiovascular signals
How are neural and hemodynamic responses related?EEG + fNIRS
How does physical activity affect brain signals?EEG + EMG + respiration + movement

SYNCHRONIZED MULTIMODAL BIOSIGNAL ACQUISITION

g.tec systems support experiments in which physiological and neural signals need to be recorded together. Compatible body sensors provide analog signals that can be acquired alongside EEG, EOG, EMG, ECG and other biosignals using g.tec acquisition hardware. Bringing multiple measurements into the same acquisition environment simplifies temporal alignment and allows researchers to investigate relationships between brain activity, physiological responses, movement and experimental events.

The ecosystem supports the complete workflow from simultaneous biosignal acquisition and hardware trigger integration to recording, real-time processing, offline analysis and custom development. g.Recorder provides biosignal recording, while g.HIsys supports real-time processing and experimental workflows. Recorded data can be analyzed with g.BSanalyze, and g.NEEDaccess provides interfaces for custom development and integration. External data streams can be incorporated through supported interfaces such as LSL, depending on the system configuration.

Multimodal Research Workflow

  • Simultaneous acquisition of EEG and compatible physiological signals
  • Hardware event integration using TTL triggers
  • External data streams through LSL and supported interfaces
  • Biosignal recording with g.Recorder
  • Real-time processing with g.HIsys
  • Offline analysis with g.BSanalyze
  • Custom development and integration through g.NEEDaccess and supported APIs

COMPATIBLE BIOSIGNAL ACQUISITION SYSTEMS

Choose the acquisition platform that matches your experiment and combine EEG with physiological signals such as GSR, respiration, SpO₂, temperature, EMG, ECG, and movement.

FIND THE RIGHT ACQUISITION SYSTEM

Acquisition Platforms

  • g.Nautilus Multi-Purpose: Wireless EEG and physiological signal acquisition for mobile and multimodal Brain & Body research.
  • g.HIamp: High-performance biosignal acquisition for laboratory EEG and advanced multimodal research setups.
  • g.USBamp: Flexible biosignal acquisition for EEG, ECG, EMG, EOG, and additional physiological signals.
  • g.Nautilus PRO Flexible: Wearable EEG with additional physiological signal acquisition for clinical and neuroscience research.

FROM RAW BIOSIGNALS TO YOUR RESEARCH WORKFLOW

g.tec systems provide access to biosignal data beyond the recording software, allowing researchers to build their own acquisition, processing and analysis workflows. Recordings can be stored in HDF5 with g.Recorder, while g.NEEDaccess provides Python, MATLAB, C and .NET APIs for custom applications. Supported workflows can also use LSL and UDP for integration with external research environments.

Data & Developer Access

  • Access acquired biosignals for custom processing and analysis
  • Python API through g.NEEDaccess
  • MATLAB API and analysis workflows
  • C and .NET APIs through g.NEEDaccess
  • LSL and UDP Interfaces for external data streams and research environments
  • HDF5 for structured biosignal recording with g.Recorder

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

Can I record physiological signals simultaneously with EEG?

Yes. Compatible g.tec systems can acquire EEG together with physiological signals such as ECG, EMG, EOG, GSR/EDA, respiration, SpO₂, pulse, temperature and other sensor signals. For example, g.Nautilus Multi-Purpose is specifically designed for synchronized Brain & Body monitoring and allows neural and physiological signals to be acquired within the same system and time base.

Which physiological signals can I combine in one experiment?

The exact combination depends on the selected amplifier and channel configuration. Typical multimodal setups can combine EEG with ECG, EMG, EOG, GSR/EDA, respiration effort or airflow, SpO₂, pulse, temperature, acceleration and other physiological measurements. fNIRS can additionally be combined with EEG for simultaneous electrophysiological and hemodynamic measurements.

Which g.tec acquisition system should I use for physiological sensors?

This depends primarily on whether the experiment is mobile or laboratory-based and on the required number and type of channels. g.Nautilus Multi-Purpose is designed for wireless EEG and physiological monitoring, while g.HIamp is suited to high-channel-count laboratory and multimodal experiments. g.USBamp provides a flexible platform for EEG and other electrophysiological and physiological signals. Developer access through g.NEEDaccess is available for g.HIamp, g.USBamp and g.Nautilus.

How are EEG and physiological signals synchronized?

Whenever possible, physiological signals can be acquired through the same g.tec acquisition environment as the EEG, keeping the signals within a common acquisition workflow rather than recording each modality independently. Digital hardware triggers can be used to mark stimuli and experimental events, while supported software interfaces can integrate additional external data streams. This is particularly important because EEG, cardiovascular, respiratory, autonomic and hemodynamic responses occur on very different time scales.

Can I access the acquired biosignal data directly from Python or MATLAB?

Yes. g.NEEDaccess provides Python, MATLAB, C and .NET APIs for g.HIamp, g.USBamp and g.Nautilus, allowing researchers to develop their own acquisition and analysis applications. The APIs provide access to device configuration and acquired data, and the MATLAB API additionally exposes functions such as available channels, filters, supported sampling rates, impedance measurements, scaling factors and offsets.

Can I integrate the physiological signals with Lab Streaming Layer (LSL)?

Yes, LSL is supported within relevant g.tec software workflows and can be used to integrate g.tec biosignals with other LSL-enabled research tools and data streams. This is useful for multimodal experiments involving additional systems such as eye tracking, motion capture, VR or other external research equipment. The exact integration depends on the selected hardware and software configuration.

Can I access raw biosignal data for my own signal-processing or machine-learning pipeline?

g.tec provides programmatic access to acquired biosignal data through g.NEEDaccess, including Python, MATLAB, C and .NET interfaces. The APIs allow researchers to retrieve acquired samples and obtain information such as channel configuration, supported sampling rates, scaling factors and offsets, making it possible to build custom signal-processing, visualization, classification or machine-learning applications outside the standard g.tec analysis workflow.

Can physiological signals be processed in real time?

Yes. g.HIsys Professional provides the real-time processing environment within the g.tec software ecosystem and supports workflows involving biosignal acquisition, processing, feature extraction, classification, visualization, event handling and interfaces to external devices or stimulation systems. Researchers can therefore use physiological signals not only for offline analysis but also as inputs to real-time neuroscience, BCI and closed-loop experiments.

How can I record and store multimodal biosignal experiments for later analysis?

g.Recorder provides the recording environment for synchronized biosignals, triggers and experimental events, while recorded data can subsequently be analyzed with g.BSanalyze or incorporated into custom analysis workflows. g.Recorder supports synchronization with experimental paradigms and forms part of the same g.tec Suite environment as g.HIsys, g.BSanalyze and g.NEEDaccess.

Can EEG and fNIRS be recorded simultaneously?

Yes. g.SENSOR 8 fNIRS was designed for combined EEG and fNIRS research. It uses 8 LED transmitters and 2 receivers to provide 8 fNIRS channels at 760 and 850 nm and provides optical density, oxyhemoglobin (HbO), deoxyhemoglobin (HbR), sample-count and signal-quality outputs. Low-power transmitters are intended for frontal recordings, while high-power transmitters are used for central/motor-area measurements.

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